Maltese Health Issues
Every breed has predictable health problems. For the Maltese, the most common conditions are listed below — with what to look for and what to do.
1. Patellar Luxation
This condition appears in Maltese populations at higher rates than in mixed-breed dogs. Early signs vary, but most owners notice changes in movement, appetite, energy, or coat. Annual vet exams catch most issues before they become serious; ask your vet about breed-specific screening tests for Maltese.
2. Dental Overcrowding (Small Mouth)
This condition appears in Maltese populations at higher rates than in mixed-breed dogs. Early signs vary, but most owners notice changes in movement, appetite, energy, or coat. Annual vet exams catch most issues before they become serious; ask your vet about breed-specific screening tests for Maltese.
3. Mitral Valve Disease
This condition appears in Maltese populations at higher rates than in mixed-breed dogs. Early signs vary, but most owners notice changes in movement, appetite, energy, or coat. Annual vet exams catch most issues before they become serious; ask your vet about breed-specific screening tests for Maltese.
4. White Shaker Syndrome
This condition appears in Maltese populations at higher rates than in mixed-breed dogs. Early signs vary, but most owners notice changes in movement, appetite, energy, or coat. Annual vet exams catch most issues before they become serious; ask your vet about breed-specific screening tests for Maltese.
5. Portosystemic Shunt
This condition appears in Maltese populations at higher rates than in mixed-breed dogs. Early signs vary, but most owners notice changes in movement, appetite, energy, or coat. Annual vet exams catch most issues before they become serious; ask your vet about breed-specific screening tests for Maltese.
Reducing Risk
Buy from breeders who health-test their breeding pairs. Maintain a healthy weight (extra pounds worsen joint issues), feed an age-appropriate diet, and keep up with annual bloodwork starting at age 6. For the Maltese specifically, watch for patellar luxation as the highest-priority concern.
When to See a Vet Immediately
Sudden lethargy, vomiting that won’t stop, distended abdomen (especially in deep-chested breeds), inability to urinate, pale gums, or collapse are emergencies. Don’t wait until morning — find a 24-hour clinic.